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Sodium bicarbonate

An established ergogenic aid for high intensity, if you tolerate the dose.

  • Tier B — Moderate evidence — useful in specific contexts
  • Performance

What it is for

Blood buffering in intense efforts of 1–10 min.

How it works

It raises blood bicarbonate, improving H+ clearance from the muscle and delaying acidotic fatigue.

Dosing

0.2–0.3 g/kg.

When to take it

60–150 min before; in divided doses or with food to reduce discomfort.

Safety

Safe if dosed properly.

Side effects

Frequent gastrointestinal discomfort (it can ruin your performance).

Interactions

A sodium load: be careful if you restrict sodium.

Contraindications

Salt-sensitive hypertension, kidney problems.

Who it has been studied in

Useful for swimmers, track cyclists, CrossFit.

Frequently asked

How do I avoid the discomfort?

Split the dose, take it with food or use enteric-coated capsules.

Evidence tier
B
Quality
Moderate-high
Studies
Many RCTs
Consensus
Recognised (ISSN/IOC)
Controversy
Individual digestive tolerance
Reviewed
2023

Strength of evidence out of 5.

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