Sodium bicarbonate
An established ergogenic aid for high intensity, if you tolerate the dose.
What it is for
Blood buffering in intense efforts of 1–10 min.
How it works
It raises blood bicarbonate, improving H+ clearance from the muscle and delaying acidotic fatigue.
Dosing
0.2–0.3 g/kg.
When to take it
60–150 min before; in divided doses or with food to reduce discomfort.
Safety
Safe if dosed properly.
Side effects
Frequent gastrointestinal discomfort (it can ruin your performance).
Interactions
A sodium load: be careful if you restrict sodium.
Contraindications
Salt-sensitive hypertension, kidney problems.
Who it has been studied in
Useful for swimmers, track cyclists, CrossFit.
Frequently asked
How do I avoid the discomfort?
Split the dose, take it with food or use enteric-coated capsules.
- Evidence tier
- B
- Quality
- Moderate-high
- Studies
- Many RCTs
- Consensus
- Recognised (ISSN/IOC)
- Controversy
- Individual digestive tolerance
- Reviewed
- 2023
Strength of evidence out of 5.