Citrulline malate
Mixed but promising evidence for per-session volume.
What it is for
A possible increase in reps and less fatigue; it improves the muscle 'pump'.
How it works
A precursor to arginine → nitric oxide → vasodilation; it also supports ammonia clearance.
Dosing
6–8 g of L-citrulline (or 8 g of citrulline malate).
When to take it
30–60 min before training.
Safety
Well tolerated.
Side effects
Rare digestive discomfort.
Interactions
Caution with vasodilator/blood pressure medication.
Contraindications
Check with your doctor if you take blood pressure medication.
Who it has been studied in
No risk data in healthy people.
Frequently asked
Does it give noticeable results?
The effect is small and variable; low risk.
- Evidence tier
- B
- Quality
- Moderate (heterogeneous)
- Studies
- Several small RCTs
- Consensus
- No firm consensus
- Controversy
- Dose and form (malate vs L-citrulline) are debated
- Reviewed
- 2023
Strength of evidence out of 5.